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Beryllium

Atomic Number4
Atomic Mass9.0122 u

💎 In Your World

Beryllium is a remarkable metal that is both incredibly strong and exceptionally lightweight. You'll find it in high-performance alloys used in the aerospace industry for aircraft and satellites. Because it's transparent to X-rays, it's used to make windows for X-ray machines. Beryllium is also the key ingredient in beautiful gemstones like emeralds and aquamarines.

📖 The Discovery Story

In 1798, French chemist Louis-Nicolas Vauquelin discovered beryllium oxide while analyzing the minerals beryl (the source of emeralds) and emeralds themselves. He recognized it as the oxide of a new element. The metal was first isolated independently in 1828 by Friedrich Wöhler and Antoine Bussy. It was named after the mineral beryl, which itself comes from the Greek word "beryllos."

📊 Properties at a Glance

Phase at STPSolid
Melting Point1287 °C / 2349 °F
Boiling Point2469 °C / 4476 °F
Electron Configuration[He] 2s²
Abundance in Earth's Crust0.00028%

⚠️ Safety & Handling

While solid beryllium metal is safe to handle, inhaling its dust or fumes is extremely toxic. It can cause a chronic, life-threatening lung disease called berylliosis, which is a serious occupational hazard in industries that process beryllium. For this reason, it must be handled with strict safety controls.